About futurism and things like interstellar traveling

"A new study demonstrates that under certain conditions, light can create shadows by blocking other light, similar to how solid objects cast shadows. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Defying Physics: Lasers That Can Block Light Itself) That thing can make many new things in the world of communication, weaponry, and many other things. The laser's ability to block light makes it possible to create electromagnetic wormholes through the air. That allows communication systems to transport information in a highly secured mode through the air using laser rays. The hollow laser rays make it possible to send photons through long distances and the outside light doesn't disturb those photons.  The ability to black light means that laser rays can also block IR radiation which makes it possible to create an electromagnetic shield that protects the target against infrared radiation. That allows the creation of extremely good protection against thermal radiation.  It's p...

Metal-fueled rockets are one type of the ion engine. Or they use the same method to create thrust as ion engines. The metal rocket uses metal vapor that the magnets drive backward. In space or inside the asteroid belt the system can get its energy from large solar panels. And outside the asteroid belt, the miniature nuclear reactor can give electricity to that system. In that kind of system, the long solar panels can also be used as a cooling system for the nuclear reactor. The metal engine can also use another material that it vaporizes. The metal engine can use magnetic metals as neutral atoms, which it drives through the acceleration track. But it can use ions and also things like water or hydrocarbons. In the last cases, the system ionizes material that travels through its acceleration track. Or it just raises the material temperature to make it expand. In those systems, the electric arc or some other electromagnetic radiation replaces combustion and causes the expansion of the fue...

"As the Sun matures into a Red Giant, the oceans will boil and Earth will become uninhabitable." (The Conversation, The sun won’t die for 5 billion years, so why do humans have only 1 billion years left on Earth?) Sooner or later, all stars use their hydrogen. And then they turn into red giants. Sun is a yellow G spectral class star that turns into a white dwarf. But before that, the sun will turn larger.  The sun turns red and that means. It starts to send more infrared radiation. This thing will turn Earth into a hellish temperature that vaporizes water from Earth.  It's possible. That Earth will also vaporize with Venus and Mercury. Some scientists say that we have only 1 billion years to move farther in the solar system. The habitable zone will go to the distance of Jupiter and Saturn, and maybe humans find a safe place in those distant moons.  It's possible that before Sun will grow too large humans make large groups of mirror satellites or large shields that sho...

The moonbase can involve cabin modules that have life support systems. The problem in the moonbase is radiation and micrometeorites. Also, solar wind or plasma flow from the sun can cause problems in the cabins. When high-energy plasma impacts the moonbase it causes radiation and electric pikes. And that's why there should be some kind of magnetic system like high-power electric magnets. That can pull that plasma away from the moon base.  In many models, there can also be a liquid hydrogen layer between manned module and space. The liquid hydrogen layer that is between the sun and the crew can absorb radiation effectively. Below the hydrogen layer can be space that denies hydrogen flow into the manned module. The hydrogen shell can be like a vault or "Chernobyl" nuclear site's sarcophagus around the manned modules. That structure's purpose is to protect the crew against the cosmic radiation.  But the moon concrete is the key element in the building site. Moon mine...

"Researchers have developed an innovative tool that accelerates the design of auxetic materials—materials that expand when compressed and contract when stretched. This could lead to broader applications in products requiring impact resistance and comfort, such as safety gear and apparel. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily,“Huge Advance” – New Technique Creates Common Sense-Defying Materials More Easily) The science known as auxetics researches the stretching of material.  Materials like rubber are auxetic materials because you can stretch that material. In normal situations, the auxetic materials turn thinner when somebody stretches them. But what if the material turns thicker? Or material stretches like that surface area turns larger. That thing makes it possible to create new solutions.  That stands for mechanic and electromagnetic stress in a new way. When the surface area of material grows the distance of its particles grows. That forms energy pockets where energy ca...

"Linköping University researchers have developed a sunlight-absorbing molecule that can store energy in chemical bonds. It has the potential for efficient capture and storage of solar energy." (ScitechDaily, New Molecule Developed to Store Solar Energy in Chemical Bonds) Some people say that modern quantum- and nanomaterials challenge the rules of physics. When we think about the nanomaterial's difference from regular material, nanotechnology offers an ultimate tool for making new types of structures. When we think possibility that the surface is made using DNA and steel plates, that thing gives a new ability to that thing.  The chain-looking structures can make self-repairing materials possible. The chain-looking structure also denies the spread of the damage if something hits the structure. The nano-particles are very small, and they can hover above the ground. That makes it possible to manipulate them using acoustic and light.  The molecules that can harness energy fro...

"Mechanism of Terahertz wave generation under electron emission in vacuum photodiode. Credit: Aleksandr Ushakov, Kseniia Mamaeva, Leonid Seleznev, Georgy Rizaev, Vladimir Bukin, Timophey Dolmatov, Pavel Chizhov, Vladimir Bagdasarov, Sergey Garnov" (ScitechDaily, When Particles Outrun Light: Unraveling the Mystery of Cherenkov Radiation) Chenrenkov radiation is radiation that a particle releases. When it hits into border layer. When a particle that travels in a vacuum hits the water or air its speed slows. And when a particle slows its speed it releases its kinetic energy in the form of the electromagnetic radiation that we see as the blue light shines near nuclear reactors. But actually, the sky is also blue because of Chernakov radiation.  When researchers want to make a laser, that uses Cherenkov radiation they must only make the laser with a water-filled laser element. Then accelerators shoot electrons or other particles into the water or some other medium. This effect for...

"A team from the University of Otago discovered a new way bacteriophages disable bacterial defenses, revealing a protein that binds both DNA and RNA. This finding could pave the way for phage-based alternatives to antibiotics and advances in gene regulation." (ScitechDaily, Hidden Arsenal Exposed: Surprise Discovery Has Big Antibacterial Potential) The bacteriophages are viruses that destroy bacteria. Those viruses can transformed into nanomachines by destroying their DNA. There is a protein and the nano spring inside the tube, and when that machine is at the right point, the nano spring opens and sends the harpoon to the targeted bacteria.  In that case, the bacteriophage's DNA is replaced using the nano-harpoon, that destroys the targeted cells. Another thing is that those bacteriophages' shape allows researchers to create nanotechnical cranes and nano drills that can create nanobubbles or move some other cells.  The dead bacteriophage can act as medicine. The dead ...

Image from Pinterest. In this text, I will not try to explain all UFO cases with aliens, or some kind of governmental test planes. The idea is to try to explain the strange noise and some other things that those mysterious objects keep. The thing that can explain that behavior is the acoustic flight system, there is some kind of acoustic membrane or acoustic crystals that create soundwaves that can make the craft hover.  A 2D carbon fishnet called graphene is one of the most interesting materials in the world. Graphene and phonons are the tools, that can create ultimate sound systems. But sometimes those interesting things are connected with an impressive thing called acoustic flying.  In acoustic flying, the oscillating membrane makes the soundwaves, or pressure waves that make things hover. The soundwaves must have high enough pressure, and they can push even sea ships airborne. The power of the soundwave determines how heavy an object that thing can hover.  If the acou...

"PlatoNeRF, created by MIT and Meta, employs multibounce lidar and machine learning to enable autonomous vehicles to detect hidden obstacles. This innovative technique, which also assists in AR/VR and robotics, uses shadows to generate precise 3D reconstructions of environments. (ScitechDaily, Seeing the Invisible: Innovative Tech Lets Cars Peek Around Corners) Innovative AI-based machine learning, along with radar and lidar technology revolutionize driving. New cars will remember their routes and the individual things, that they should notice in every route. The system can also transfer things that it learned to other similar environments.  How to see behind corners? That is one of the vital questions in traffic. The air-unit, quadcopter that communicates with the car's central computers can solve that problem. That thing can observe what happens around the car. The same technology can be used in civil and military systems. The quadcopters that hover above tanks and infantry ...

"This is an artist’s depiction of a Hyper-X research vehicle under scramjet power in free-flight following separation from its booster rocket. New research into hypersonic jets may transform space travel by making scramjet engines more reliable and efficient, leading to aircraft-like spacecraft. Credit: NASA" (ScitechDaily, Revolution at Mach 10: NASA-Backed Hypersonic Jets Poised to Transform Space Travel) The main problem with hypersonic systems is how to control them on air. If the hypersonic aircraft's body is designed the wrong way, that causes thermal problems. But another problem is this: if the aircraft's shape is wrong, the pressure wave or sonic boom will go past the control surfaces. And those layers will not work in that case. In other cases, if the shockwave nuzzles against the aircraft body, that causes overheating. The next problem is the engine.  The Scramjet engine is the only engine type that can use atmospheric air and create hypersonic exhaust gas....

"Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have developed a portable lab-on-a-chip device that uses blood to generate electricity, enabling on-the-spot diagnosis. This technology, which measures blood electrical conductivity, can assess health parameters and may transform healthcare by facilitating real-time, non-invasive testing." (ScitechDaily, Powered by Blood: Innovative Chip Provides Real-Time Health Monitoring) Innovations like microchips that get their energy from blood can observe how the body reacts to medicals. Those microchips can also make it possible for the systems can make point diagnoses very fast. And those microchips can find things like tumors before they grow. The same technology that gives electricity to the lab-on-chip, can give electricity to the systems that control nanomachines and the microchipped immune cells.  Maybe quite soon we see the microchips that can flow in blood veins, and those chips can involve nano-size X-ray films for precise X-ray i...

"MIT researchers have determined that the DIANA MRI method, initially claimed to detect direct neural activity, actually produces signals from its imaging process, not from brain activity. Experiments showed that these signals were artifacts of the imaging system’s setup, challenging the method’s efficacy and raising concerns about its reliability in neuroscientific research. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, DIANA Debunked by MIT: The MRI That Couldn’t Read Minds) Brains are very complex things. Theoretically, it is possible to create a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that can read the human mind. However, the practical solution is a very hard thing to create and the reason for that is this. There are many details in the human brain, that the MRI must see. When the brain collects images from memories it activates certain neuron groups. It collects those memories from different individual neurons like the brain collects images from the retina. Every image that is in o...

"How It Works: A proton (far left) from the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) accelerator at CERN impinges on carbon nuclei (small gray spheres). This produces a shower of various elementary particles, including a large number of neutral pions (orange spheres). As the unstable neutral pions decay, they emit two high-energy gamma rays (yellow squiggly arrows). " (ScitechDaily, Mini-Universe in a Lab: Creating “Cosmic Fireballs” on Earth) These gamma rays then interact with the electric field of Tantalum nuclei (large gray spheres), generating electron and positron pairs and resulting in the novel electron-positron fireball plasma. Because of these cascade effects, a single proton can generate many electrons and positrons, making this process of pair plasma production extremely efficient. Credit: University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics illustration / Heather Palmer" (ScitechDaily, Mini-Universe in a Lab: Creating “Cosmic Fireballs” on Earth) The universe is fu...

"Recent technological advancements have allowed Simon Fraser University SFU Physics professors John Bechhoefer and David Sivak to create an operational information engine, exploring its potential to harness unused molecular energy. (ScitechDaily, Tapping Into Nature’s Invisible Energy Source: Scientists Push an Information Engine to Its Limits) "Their research, supported by the Foundational Questions Institute, has not only provided insights into improving energy efficiency but also expanded our understanding of biological motors. The team’s findings, which highlight the possibility of converting molecular motion into usable work, could revolutionize energy utilization and engine design. (Artist’s concept). Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Tapping Into Nature’s Invisible Energy Source: Scientists Push an Information Engine to Its Limits) This is writing about previously theoretical engine systems. That is becoming possible because researchers made a prototype of ...

Mathematicians can use Botlzmann's formulas to create a model of how to predict human behavior.  The reason why we cannot predict human behavior completely is that we don't have enough data from that person's life. The idea is that similar people with similar backgrounds behave in similar ways. To make the needed data matrix the researchers need complete, and confirmed data about the person's genotypes and social background.  When we want to predict human behavior, we must determine what behavior we want to predict. Do we want to predict physical things, like where the person moves their hand? Or do we want to predict things, like how a person behaves in the voting situation? So, do we want to predict mental or physical things?   When the AI wants to predict things like where the boxer punches next time, the AI must know data, if a boxer is left or right-handed. Then the system can use statistics to predict, which side the punches come from. And the AI can see things...

"In testing with human subjects, the researchers found that study participants used 24.3% less metabolic energy when walking in the robotic exoskeleton than without the exoskeleton. Participants used 13.1% less energy when running in the exoskeleton, and 15.4% less energy when climbing stairs. Credit: Hao Su, NC State University" (ScitechDaily, AI Magic: Robotic Suits That Help You Run Easier and Faster) New robot suits can decrease energy use very much. And this kind of system is a good help for free time and heavy work. The new robot suit base is in the Human Universal Load Carrier HULC by Lockheed Martin. But the new robot suits are more compact, lightweight, and easy to use. They can operate for a longer time.  The biggest problem with HULC has been its 20-kilometer range. The solar-powered system can use changed batteries that the MULE system or camel can carry. Advanced battery technology allows those systems to be lightweight. Users who use this system can use those ro...

Graphene can used in a most futuristic artificial gravity.  Theoretically is possible to create spacecraft that act like SciFi movie spacecraft. Normally, we think that only spinning spacecraft can form artificial gravity. But it's possible, that using a graphene net and particles. Trapped in that graphene net the system can create the artificial gravity that makes the SciFi spacecraft's true. The idea is that the system pumps energy to those particles using that graphene network.  When a particle's energy level rises, its mass also rises. The system must create the Earth mass in that graphene network, and that system can create the SciFi spacecraft's true. Those flat spacecraft can travel in the solar system but the stars are a little bit too far. If the spacecraft can create this kind of artificial gravity, it will be the biggest thing in history.  Another thing is radiation. Cosmic radiation is one of the most devastating things in the world. The system can use the p...

"This illustration shows a concept for multiple robots that would team up to ferry to Earth samples collected from the Mars surface by NASA’s Mars Perseverance rover. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech" (ScitechDaily, Will SpaceX’s Innovation Save NASA’s Mars Mission?) Collecting samples from Mars and returning them to Earth is the most complex mission in history.  The system must operate independently and solve many problems on Mars. And making that kind of mission is a big challenge for researchers. This thing requires innovations in software and hardware.  This mission would be the biggest thing since the Apollo program. The sample collection requires advanced automatization. The sample collection using automatized vehicles is one of the steps for a safe manned mission. There are many risks in manned missions to other planets. And there are many secrets on Mars. Even if there are no active lifeforms things like carbon monoxide pockets and sand devils (sand tornadoes) can risk the mi...

"Cambridge researchers warn of the psychological dangers of ‘deadbots,’ AI that mimics deceased individuals, urging for ethical standards and consent protocols to prevent misuse and ensure respectful interaction." (ScitechDaily, Cambridge Experts Warn: AI “Deadbots” Could Digitally “Haunt” Loved Ones From Beyond the Grave) Necrobots or deadbots are tools that imitate dead persons. Those artificial intelligence tools can collect dead people's data from the net. And then those necrobots can create a language model that imitates dead persons. But it's possible that living people's data like internet discussions will be driven to deadbot. The deadbots that can imitate dead persons can used to make a false identity. The idea is that the living person's data will be driven to the necrobot. Then that language model can used to play other people, and then those deadbots can turn into weapons in the hands of hackers. The deadbot can turn into a phishing tool for hacker...