The spaceborne missile defense platforms can be a reality sooner than we thought.

The golden dome chief said that spaceborne anti-missile systems are possible today. The Reagan era’s strategic defense initiative,(SDI), was too futuristic. The reason for that was the primitive laser and data processing technology. But today, systems like laser weapons and independently operating space missile platforms are possible. The image-recognition systems make it possible to select the right targets from the suspected incoming missiles, and those systems can also destroy enemy satellites. The idea of those systems is that high-orbiting satellites see missile launches. 

And then they can try to destroy those missiles using rockets or some directed energy weapons like railguns, lasers, plasma, or microwaves. The reason why those platforms are in high orbit is that they should have the ability to avoid ground- or atmospheric-based anti-satellite (ASAT) weapons. The problem with those anti-ballistic missile (ABM) systems is that. If the enemy knows their trajectories, it can send things like a metal ball-swarm to orbit in the opposite way to those weapons. The missile can be shot from the other side of Earth, and it must raise those metal profiles to the same trajectory as the ABM weapon. 

The idea of the ABM systems is not new. The Patriot and other kinds of anti-aircraft missiles can shoot enemy ballistic missiles down. But the problem with those kinds of systems is that they are created to shoot down tactical, conventional missiles. The problem with strategic missiles is that if nuclear missiles are destroyed over some territory, that spreads plutonium all around the area. A counter system like Soviet/Russian ABM-1 “Galosh” and the U.S. Nike Zeus that shoots enemy missiles down by using thermonuclear warheads. The radioactive debris and high-energy ions will make that trajectory useless. 

Soviet Energia rocket with Polyus spacecraft. 

"A notional rendering of China's reusable Shenlong space plane. (Image credit: Erik Simonsen/Getty Images),  (Space.com, China's space plane apparently deployed 6 'mysterious wingmen' in orbit)

The nuclear warhead can send high-energy radiation across the Earth, destroying lots of its own and enemy satellites. If that detonation happens over its own territory, the EMP pulse destroys electronics below it. In the 1960s, the U.S. and the Soviets tested or researched systems that were modified fractional orbital bombardment systems. One of those systems was the Soviet "Polyus". Spacecraft that could carry a laser weapon and space mines. That system flew once in 1984, and the rocket's failure caused the Soviets to stop that program. 

Those systems were nuclear bombs that were positioned in an orbital trajectory. Those nuclear weapons could attack cities. Or they can detonate at an orbiter. That makes them space mines that can have ABM and ASAT roles. There is a possibility that in 2023, the Chinese shuttle that deployed six mysterious “wingmen” tested the ability to release and collect space mines from the orbiter. 

The other problem is the changed missile tactics. When those counter ballistic missiles were created, they developed against the missile mass-raid. The fireball of the warhead that detonated in the middle or a little forward of the incoming missiles will destroy those warheads with radiation and an EMP pulse. But the problem is that the missile tactics have changed. The nuclear strike can be made using multiple waves. That can cause a situation where the defender must shoot more than enough nuclear warheads into space. And that destroys lots of satellites. 

This is the reason why the small-sized shuttles that can use stealth technology are suitable for ASAT and ABM operations. Those systems can check the orbital defense platforms' conditions. And they can deliver and collect sub weapons. 

https://www.airandspaceforces.com/guetlein-first-priority-golden-dome-c2/

https://www.space.com/china-space-plane-depoyed-mystery-objects

https://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Chinese_spacecraft_launched_mystery_object_into_space_before_returning_to_Earth_999.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABM-1_Galosh

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nike_Zeus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyus_(spacecraft)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategic_Defense_Initiative

The space colonies are always extreme projects.

When we are trying to model things like some colonies far away from civilization we must realize that those colonies are extreme projects. Extreme projects require extreme people, who want to put everything into those projects. 

Only extreme people can handle things in extreme conditions. The colonies far away from the civilizations like cities are, of course, extreme projects. But those colonies are located on Earth. And those people can sail away from those colonies if something goes wrong. 

If something goes on the moon the rescue craft will come to the base after a couple of days. And that thing is that those couple of days might feel very long. There are planned hypothetical moon cities. Even if the gravitation on the moon is very weak those colonists can use so-called sumo suits for keeping their muscles in condition. So those heavy clothes can compensate for the weak gravitation. 

But when we are thinking about things like Mars stations the conditions are even more extreme. If something happens far away from Earth. There is nobody who can come to help. Even if something very bad happens the crew must wait until the next launching window for return. And the worst things are social problems. 

Maybe those problems are not with the first crews. Those people who are living in the first Mars and moon bases are very well selected. But if some nations want to exploit especially Mars and the asteroid belt that requires larger scale infrastructure. If explorations extend to Saturn and even Neptune and Kuiper belt that requires people who want to spend almost their entire life far away from the home. 

Maybe the future looks like this. 

When the mining industry turns larger.  That requires more people. The size of the bases is increasing. And sooner or later the first people will be born in space colonies. Earth is a distant and strange place for people who sees the blue planet only on the computer screen. 

And that means the size of bases will increase. So when the need for a workforce increases that means. Selectors must decrease the requirements of those people. And if the population of Mars increases to 100 000 or even a million people. There are always people who have some problems. And there is a possibility even of rebellion. 

The giant accelerator would allow interstellar traveling

https://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.com/

Kimmo Huosionmaa

The power source for interstellar traveling is the major problem in those futuristic spacecraft. If we are thinking about Warp-drive, what can travel faster than light, we must realize, that we would need the brand new technology, in the very giant scale. The spacecraft that would travel faster than light must be base the technology, what is ever created in the real life, and making this technology really is the very complicated process. The shape of the spacecraft would be like some science fiction spacecraft, what uses antimatter or WARP-propulsion for increasing the speed of 80-90 percent of the speed of light.


And in this spacecraft would be particle accelerator, what could be like the linear version of "Hedron", what is located in CERN. That accelerator would be like some extreme long tube at the nose of the spacecraft, what might be quite similar, what is planned to use in "Project Thor". The difference would be that the device is equipped with antimatter-motors, what will accelerate it for speed, what is near the speed of light, and then the accelerator would be launched. But the size of this spacecraft would be much bigger, what is planned for "Thor".


The interstellar spacecraft would first accelerate the top speed, what could be something like 90 percent of the speed of light, and the particle accelerator would shoot the capsule to the top speed. The problem of this hypothetical spacecraft would be the size of this thing. The accelerator must be over hundreds of kilometers long, and the electricity, what is used in this gigantic rail gun is very high. This spacecraft would be built in the space, and it would be very huge. If it sometimes would be made.


So there must be the very powerful power source, that this very huge spacecraft would be worked. And after the spacecraft have been shot by the railgun there is no return back. The capsule would fly to Alpha Centaur in about two years, but the problem is the slowing. And of course, the home trip would be difficult. In one scenario this spacecraft would use sophisticated artificial intelligence, and it would have sub-robots, what would build another accelerator at the orbiter of the target star.


This kind of artificial intelligence could also make the copy of the spacecraft if that is damaged. This technology is called "Von Neumann technology". In this case, those robots would search suitable materials from asteroids, what is orbiting the star by using laser-spectrometers. Then the materials would be transferred to the factory, and then those systems can create microchips and other stuff, what is needed for new spacecraft. This kind of systems can help us to colonize the entire galaxy in the distant future, but there are many technical problems to win before the trip to stars would be real.

Fermi paradox: Where is everybody? (Where are other civilizations?)

https://marxjatalous.blogspot.com/

Kimmo Huosionmaa

If we would calculate the number of known planets, what are on the habitable zone of the sun type star we would get number one if we would live in 1950's And if we would see how many known civilizations were in that kind of planets in that time, we can get number one. So if we would calculate the probability to meet intelligent civilization on the Earth-type planet, what is in the habitable zone of the star, we could find number 100. So in every earth type planet, what orbits the star in the habitable zone should have an intelligent life form.


And here we must ask again where are those civilizations? When we are looking at the Drake equation, we must think about the question, where are the aliens, if every earth-type planet in the habitable zone of stars would have intelligent life. Here we must go to the Fermi paradox, the attempt to explain why there would be no answer from another civilization? The one thing in this paradox is, that when the civilization would get some special level of science and technology, they could destroy themselves with nuclear weapons.


This explanation is one of the most well-known things about this paradox. And then somebody would ask, "Was the Second World War the ultimate test", and if the mankind passed that test, would it become super civilization? The other thing in the Fermi paradox is that the gamma-ray bursts would destroy the civilization, and the opponent would claim, that if the civilization would have enough high technical level, they could evacuate to the dark side of their home planet.


And also moving to the dark side or underground network of tunnels, would that civilization survive even from the biggest cosmic catastrophes. When we are thinking about the communication between civilizations, there is, of course, the possibility that the hypothetical alien would not answer, because it would not feel the communication safe. That means it afraid that some other hostile aliens would locate it, and then the war between worlds would raise.


Sometimes some persons think, that maybe the afraid of conflict between two very technical civilizations would survive the Earth. Because if some civilization would use weapons like Death Star, it would show the power to other civilizations, what have the even better equipment and technology. Sometimes I have faced the theory, that other civilizations would leave us alone because we would be too pathetic being seriously taken.


That kind of talking is very usual between philosophers. Or maybe the radio signals, what are left to the universe are too weak to notice. Maybe the radio waves, what are coming from other stars and galaxies are acting like ECM-jammer system. That radio-transmission can cover the radio-waves, what is sending by using Hydrogen Alpha-frequency. Maybe we are alone maybe not. But the searching would continue.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi_paradox

The thoughts about the Apollo program, and its three men crews.

Saturn-V rocket
(https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/saturnv-3_0.jpg)

https://kirjabloggaus.blogspot.com/

Kimmo Huosionmaa

There are many explanations for why NASA returned to the Moon, and why they send three-man crews on that journey? The most common explanation for staying out from Moon is of course that the costs of that project would be so huge, and that explanation is the most acceptable of those stories. But if I would stop writing here, I must give you the very short text, and that's why I must start to write something, what is not proven in anywhere. Only thing what is interesting is, that NASA sends three-men crews to the Moon, and that would make social problems in the spacecraft because only two of those crews could land to the Moon. But everything else is pure fiction, or I hope so.


One of those explanations is that the military is testing some kind of weapons at the Moon, and that would be the reason, why the humans did not go in there since 1973. At above this text is a picture of the Saturn V-rocket. In some theories, there would be the nuclear missiles dug under the dust of the moon, and they could be inside some kind of tubes. Those missiles would cause horrified surprise if they would be used against the target on Earth. And some stories tell that this study project had code name "Project Luna". The weapon base would be fully automatized and remote controlled.

 But there are some other things, what makes that leaving out of the Moon very interesting thing.  In some other stories the moonwalk and other things in that project, what was called as "Apollo" served the top-secret or semi-secret project called "Ozma". In this attempt to make the relationship between the civilizations were send the message to some stars, that humans are here. And when the astronauts were sent to Moon, the investigators of NASA tried to recognize if the footprints on the Moon would somehow be changed.


 And they send Apollo to the Moon for making two missions one is public and the second was somehow childish attempt to uncover the secret moon base of aliens, and until yet the NASA would not be given answers from humanoids. and there is no evidence about the connection with the "Project Ozma". There is one remarkable detail in the Apollo program, and that is why NASA used three men crews, and only two of them would land to the Moon. This is the only fact what is shown true in the stories, why humans did not send back to Moon.


Three persons in the small space cause always anger and other problems with social relations. and maybe NASA tested the anger management process of the most qualified military personnel, but if we are thinking carefully the three men crew would cause that the astronauts were unable to make observations because of they afraid fights or anger, and did NASA that election for the strength of the crew because they had something to hide.

https://read.bi/2uyP3Lj

The moon-shuttle and space station

David A Hardy's painting
"Eros expedition"
(Picture I)

http://kimmontaidearvioita.blogspot.com/p/the-moon-shuttle-and-space-station.html

Kimmo Huosionmaa

We are all read about plans to make the moon shuttle and that plan is very interesting. The moon shuttle would be the spacecraft, what would not land to the Earth, and the use of that spacecraft would be like, the crew and other things would transfer to the normal shuttle at the Earth orbital, and then the moon shuttle would be refueled. The shape of this shuttle would be the simple tube, what can be made by using the rocket stage of Delta or Atlas rockets. That stage would be equipped with feet, what are similar to the rockets that are made by David Hardy in the painting above the text. The name of the painting is "Eros expedition", and it portraits the fictional journey to the asteroid Eros, but the similar spaceship can operate from the Moon and travel to Asteroid belt.

An aerodynamic cone, what would protect the docking unit would be removed at the orbital. Or it can be made for turning away from the head of this spacecraft. The technology, what might be used in this enhanced lunar vehicle is basically similar, what have used in the Apollo-program. The big size allows a big cargo bay and this spacecraft would be also used as the space station for the astronauts. In distant future, this kind of spacecraft can also be equipped with ion motors and small nuclear reactor, what allows it to maneuver in large areas in the asteroid belt and investigate the asteroids. And sometimes I have imagined, that it would be equipped with the high power electric generator, what allows to produce the electromagnetic field over this spacecraft, what would protect the crew against cosmic radiation.


If we think the most conventional model of this planned spacecraft, what would use liquid hydrogen and oxygen as a fuel, we must notice that  the biggest difference of this vehicle for Apollo-craft is, that it could fly between Moon and the Earth many times, and if the operator will want, this spacecraft would be land to the Earth without the parachute. The main motor would impose the thrust, that the speed of falling thru the atmosphere would be safe. And if we are honest, the similar technology can be used to send that tube-looking spacecraft to the orbital. The answer for keeping the speed low enough will be in the computerized ventilation system, what imposes the flow of oxygen and fuel all the time during the flight, that the nose of the rocket would not rise too high.


The secret of rockets is they need the mass of fuel to fly to the orbiter, but the rocket must create enough exhaust gasses, that the pressure of those gasses would be bigger than the weight of the rocket. The motor ventilation allows imposing the pushing force of the rocket, that the non-aerodynamic shape would be possible. But the aerodynamic cone can make that way, it has the hinge, what turns it away when the spacecraft is out of the atmosphere.

Picture I

https://i.pinimg.com/736x/61/49/45/614945d6efb3c534338229d76c881bf1--universe-art-alien-art.jpg

What if we would combine the HULC-exoskeleton and space suit

Picture I

http://kimmontaidearvioita.blogspot.com/p/what-if-we-would-combine-hulc.html

Kimmo Huosionmaa

This writing is pure fiction. I took the idea for it from the movie "Predator", and this solution would be pure science fiction. The space suit is very suitable for deep-sea scuba diving, and also the use of this equipment in high-level radioactive areas feels a good idea, but there is one problem with that suit. The weight of the space suit is enormous, and the weight of this system causes, that it is useless in this kind of missions. But with one special equipment, this thing can revolutionize the handling of nuclear disaster and diving technologies. This equipment is HULC-style exoskeleton, what allows the capacity to use the space suit in the surface of Earth. The exoskeleton would give extremely big power to the person, who uses that machine. The space suit is suitable also in deep-sea missions because the suit is very hard. Actually, the space suit is a man-shaped spacecraft.


And in theory, the team, what uses this equipment can be dropped from the spacecraft to operational area, and the space suit is hard enough to resist the pressure of the deepest sea. Those persons can carry the heat shield, what looked like shields, what the knights used, and they can return to the atmosphere. Then the parachutes would be open, and those persons could start their operation in the deep sea or in the radioactive area. Those systems are very expensive, but they can be allowed to operate in the areas, what is too hostile for normal rescue or operative team.


The space suits can allow getting the things from the sunken ships, what are very deep.  The connecting that very heavy thing with HULC-system, could the operator also work in the places like the nuclear disaster. The space suit can allow that the man can handle the uranium fuel without risk of getting radiation illness, but this would make very bad visions in my sight. Space suits are equipped with the thing, what is called the "micrometeorite protection". That means that this suit could be used as the armor suit, what would resist all kind of threats. The suit can be equipped with RTG-generator and lasers. The laser would be in the back of the operator, and the laser rays can be transferred to the arms by using light cables. And the RTG would give enough power to that system. The exoskeleton would give enough force, that one person could carry this kind of equipment.


When we are thinking, that the space suit would be used as some kind of "predator" mission, that thing can also be equipped with the nuclear detonator. The nuclear detonator could be modified RTG-generator, where would be connected with another bite of plutonium. Power of that device would be extremely low, what means about 0,5-2 kilotons. The military might be interested in this kind of devices because they would cover the identity of the operator if this person would be injured. The space suit allows avoiding the DNA markings of the operator, and it will be very hard, and maybe in some laboratories are tested, how suitable this thing would be in some kind of missions. But the high price of that system would limit its use to the space missions. This thing could be very good equipment in some science fiction book, and in the real life, the space suit can be too expensive in the everyday use.

https://www.army-technology.com/projects/human-universal-load-carrier-hulc/

Picture I

https://www.draper.com/sites/default/files/news/spacesuit.jpg

Lockheed-Martin and fusion powered fighter, real-life Millennium Falcon

Picture I

Kimmo Huosionmaa

Lockheed-Martin corporation is trying to make fighter or airplane, what would use Fusion reactor for flying. That seems like something from Science fiction books, but in this case, would this fusion motor become the real thing. The fusion motor doesn't mean that the aircraft needs nuclear reactors or the fusion would be self-sustain.


In those concepts, what is theoretically investigated in tens of years, the fusion will give only the driving force. The motor itself is theoretical very simple, the fusion element would be conducted thru the reactor, and then the lasers would ignite the artificial sun inside or outside the reactor. Those lasers can get their electric power from fuel cells, conventional turbo-generators, what are rotating by jet turbines or by nuclear reactors.

"Daedalus"
Picture II

Also, windmill-generators what is used in some Electronic warfare aircraft can be used in that role (Picture IV). That kind of fusion reactor was planned to interstellar spacecraft "Daedalus" what was planned by interplanetary society. In that solution, the fusion reactor would use assisted by another propulsion system, what gives power to those lasers. Of course, those lasers can use acetylene lights in their lightning tubes, and that would decrease the need for electric power.

Picture III

Those lasers can be carbon-monoxide lasers, what are most powerful chemical lasers in the world. Their mission is to create enough energy, that fusion would start in the middle of them. That motor would be the very revolutionizing solution in aviation, and that would give change to travel in the universe at least in our own solar system and also in the atmosphere of planets.

Picture IV

In some wildest dreams, that fusion powered aircraft would look like the normal fighter, and it air intakes would use as the port for the interstellar ramjet. In that fictional motor, the powerful magnetic field would suck the ions thru the fusion motor, and in this process, the magnetic field would pressure that ion flow like wire, what goes thru the reactor, and then the laser rays would ignite the fusion. The problem of that system would be auxiliary power, what is needed to make those laser-rays and magnets what would press that ionic flow.

Sources:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Daedalus

https://www.space.com/37146-nuclear-fusion-rockets-interstellar-spaceflight.html

http://www.projectrho.com/public_html/rocket/realdesignsfusion.php

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LUUuMAsaJBU

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CeJCneMkxQk


Picture I

http://cdn3.theeventchronicle.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/lockheed-martin-patents-nuclear-fusion-powered-fighter-jet.jpg

Picture II

http://public.media.smithsonianmag.com/legacy_blog/fusion-engine.jpg

Picture III
https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2010/03/george-h-miley-presentation-on-nuclear.html

Picture IV

https://i.ytimg.com/vi/8g2DinNhXCU/maxresdefault.jpg


https://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/


http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/lockheed-martin-and-fusion-powered.html

The starship of tomorrow

(Picture 1)

Kimmo Huosionmaa

Why Starcraft or the body of space telescope is good to be the triangle shape, is the question, what might be interested people. The triangular shape allows making more powerful radios or DEW (Directed  Energy Weapons) than any other shape. In the middle of this triangular body is one very strong maser and both sides are two weaker radio transmitter. That's why this shape is so good for spacecraft.


The maser what is in the middle of the triangle collects the radiation, and that would raise the power of that system. If the system uses one powerful antenna, the problem of that system would be overheating. And three smaller transmitters would keep the heating problem under control. The use of maser would make the signal more clear than using the normal radios. The coherent signal, what has only one frequency would carry messages far away from the transmitter.


Also, visible light can be used, but this would need that some optical telescopes would equip with light cells, what makes possible to read about those messages. The transmission would happen by binary codes, and the marks what would be used are zero and one. So this system is actually similar to the normal Internet. But the range of communication would be extremely long. The signal must be allowed to read, even if it would send from thousand astronomical units from earth.


If we think that this triangular shape would be used in some laser satellites or weapons, the system works like communication system. There would be three lasers, and those rays would be collected with the central laser to one very powerful ray, what would burn every other satellite. If we would have enough budget, we would make the 300 meters long triangular spacecraft. That spacecraft would not ever land to other planets, but it can travel in the solar system, and offer its crew very good room for their trip.


That spacecraft size would be so huge, that it must build at the space, and at the planet operates robots, what would make the flight more comfortable and also safer, because the crew would not be infected by those planets bacteria.  And that kind of vehicles would need laser-cannons to protect them against asteroids, but there would be a danger, that this giant spacecraft would become the military system. This kind of system would be very useful in many military space operations like catching opponents satellites and investigating their electronics and secrets in that giant laboratory, what might look like Imperial Starcruiser from the Star Wars movies.

Sources:

Picture 1.

https://www.koniec-swiata.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/tajna-flota-kosmiczna-600x300.jpg

https://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/the-starship-of-tomorrow.html

Nature and its relationship with art and science.

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/nature-and-its-relationship-with-art.html

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/nature-and-its-relationship-with-art.html

Monkeys are very intelligent animals, what can be trained almost any mission, what mankind can imagine.

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/monkeys-are-very-intelligent-animals.html

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/monkeys-are-very-intelligent-animals.html

Anti-gravity for fixed magnet-rails, what pushes the aircraft, what has the magnet with the same pole is possible in theory.

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/anti-gravity-for-fixed-magnet-rails.html

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/anti-gravity-for-fixed-magnet-rails.html

What kind of spaceships would the aliens use, if they want to observe us, or we if we want to observe them?

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/what-kind-of-spaceships-would-aliens.html

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/what-kind-of-spaceships-would-aliens.html