SETI made a simulation of how to react and cooperate with extraterrestrial signals.

SETI program made a simulation of how to handle the situation that radio telescopes captured techno-signals from an unknown destination or another civilization. The fact is that this kind of research and simulations are fascinating. But the problem or difference between those simulations and real situations is that nobody knows what alien communication looks like. There is a possibility that they communicate with X- or gamma-ray lasers, gravitational waves, or by using some kind of wormholes. 

In this text, I will not write about numeric systems that are used to encode the messages. But aliens should encrypt their data so that the receiving systems can find the purpose messages from natural radio- or some other EM-senders like pulsars or black holes. Encryption causes situations where researchers cannot separate those messages that are sent on purpose from cosmic background. 

The transmission power of those signals must be extremely high. It's possible to use natural radio sources, like neutron stars' jets as carrier waves. In that model, the data transmission will send to the jets of the neutron star. That increases transmission power. 

When we think about radio messages there is a lot of communication in the Earth's atmosphere that is not meant for humans. Almost all communication that humans send to other planets from Earth is the command signals for different types of automatized machines like probes. That kind of communication includes the control and location signals of probes. And that kind of communication that happens between machines is hard to detect. 

"The Breakthrough Listen Investigation for Periodic Spectral Signals (BLIPSS) is using pioneering techniques to search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) within the Milky Way. The team developed software based on a Fast Folding Algorithm (FFA), a search method that offers enhanced sensitivity to periodic sequences of narrow pulses. This approach is aimed at detecting repeating patterns in signals emanating from our galaxy’s core. The algorithm has been tested on known pulsars and will be used to scan a large dataset of the Galactic Center. Credit: Breakthrough Listen / Danielle Futselaar" (ScitechDaily.com/Eavesdropping on E.T.: New Software for Hunting Technosignatures From Extraterrestrial Intelligence)

There is the possibility that interstellar robots are offering a route to detect alien civilizations. The alien civilizations might keep in contact with those probes. But it's also possible that those hypothetical probes send one-way data to their senders. And in that kinds of cases, it's hard to detect the probe, that can use maser communication. The extremely thin maser ray is hard to detect from the sides. 

Interstellar robots can offer an indirect way to detect alien civilizations. In that version, researchers detect those probes straight or they could find their communication signals. But again, how to separate those signals from the cosmic background? 

Another thing that makes it hard to analyze things like WoW! and BLC1 signals is that nobody knows when those signals began. Another thing is that the source of those signals is open. Maybe they were natural, but why they were unique? Were they the signals from some probe? If our solar system is between the probe and its sender's solar system and the probe sends the data, that case looks like BLC-1 or WoW! signal.

Some astronomers say that we should look for alien probes than have straight contact with alien civilizations. The reason for that is intelligent civilizations could make a fleet of robots that send information to it. And the probe must have some kind of builder. The probes would search the habitable planetary systems for colonization. But in that case, we should think about the alien point of view about that thing. The aliens might come from a different planet. 

That means their chemical and physiological environment might be different than on Earth. That means they might have more oxygen in their atmosphere or their planet might have stable temperatures. And at least micro-organisms are making the invasion of Earth quite difficult. Thousands of variables can make other planets hostile to intruders of colonists. 

https://interestingengineering.com/science/seti-earth-to-receive-simulated-alien-transmission

https://interestingengineering.com/science/should-seti-give-up-on-aliens-and-look-for-cosmic-robots-instead

https://scitechdaily.com/eavesdropping-on-e-t-new-software-for-hunting-technosignatures-from-extraterrestrial-intelligence/  

New graphene bricks can be the next version of graphene.

Graphene is an allotrope of carbon consisting of a single layer of atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice nanostructure. The name is derived from "graphite" and the suffix -ene, reflecting the fact that the graphite allotrope of carbon contains numerous double bonds. (Wikipedia/Graphene)

Graphene is the ultimate material. It's a single-atom layer of carbon, and that structure makes it impressive. The graphene can be fixed if there is a hole by putting the repairing piece in that hole. And then the covalent bonds connect that repairing piece in the atom layer. That kind of ability makes graphene one of the most fundamental materials in the world.  

"A model of a three-dimensional metamaterial. Ames Laboratory scientists developed a method to evaluate different conductors for use in metamaterial structures. Credit: Ames Laboratory". (ScitechDaily.com/Ames Laboratory Seeks to Make Science Fiction a Reality)

"Graphene is an atomic-scale hexagonal lattice made of carbon atoms." (Wikipedia/Graphene)

But how to make 3D graphene without destroying the attributes of the 2D carbon material? The answer would be easy. Four graphene bites can be put in cubes. And then those cubes can be put in the right places like bricks. The graphene bricks are the empty cubes that are made by using four 2D graphene layers. 

That 3D cube structure makes graphene easier to handle. And that thing can make the next revolution in materials that are more impressive than ever before. The graphene layers can make the material more durable than ever before. But the problem is that graphene is quite hard to handle. And if we would cover aircraft by using graphene. That thing requires lots of graphenes. 

Graphene loses its abilities if the single atom layer cannot stabilize. The graphene layer requires the ability to make the single-atom layer. Or another version is to use graphene bricks or graphene boxes. 

Graphene can be the material of the most modern stealth technology. In that kind of system, particles like electrons will trap in the cell of this material. Then the system stresses that particle with electromagnetic radiation. The idea is that this system makes the counter waves against radars by using this kind of structure. 

https://scitechdaily.com/ames-laboratory-seeks-to-make-science-fiction-a-reality/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphene

The "space helicopters" or MHD-driven aerial vehicles can revolutionize aviation.

Engineers can install the MHD (Magnetohydrodynamic Drive) engine system in lighter-than-air vehicles. That allows them to operate also in the atmosphere. Normally, MHD cannot rise heavier-than air crafts from the ground. But that system could work with high-altitude airships. If those craft's body is made by using modern carbon fiber-based materials they could fly to space.  Researchers can use these kinds of systems in the HAVOC (High Altitude Venus Operational Concept) mission to Venus's atmosphere. Or at Earth's atmosphere. 

The ion engines are one of the most promising systems for interplanetary missions. But ion engines, or electric jet engines can also use in aircraft. Those engines are ionizing air in front of them, and then the magnetic accelerators will accelerate those ions to the back of the system. This kind of ion system could make the aircraft very highly maneuverable. Advanced ion systems are powerful tools. They can form ion whirls that crush all meteorites or ammunition that are closing spacecraft or aircraft. 

Originally engineers planned to install this ion propulsion system in plate-looking submarines. The ion system just ionizes water. And then, drives it in the wanted direction. This type of MHD (MagnetoHydrodynamicDrive) aims at the direction of the ion flow by inclining the plates. In some models, the MHD drive would install in airships. That thing makes it also suitable in atmospheric flight even if it cannot lift heavier than air crafts upward. 

There are also introduced models where the system uses the electric arc or rocket engine that creates pressure between plates. The system would incline the plates that allow it to control the direction of the jet. Those systems can use two plates that are acting like Kamov-type rotors. The overpressure system could quite easily install in the same structure with MHD/MDD (Magnetodynamicdrive). 

The plate-looking aerial vehicle which uses ion engines can be the source of UFO sightingsThe electric system will ionize the air in the front or middle of that structure, and then the system will incline to the plates. The system would use radially installed magnetic tracks that aim the ion flow into the wanted direction. That kind of system can make the craft able to make a very strong maneuver. 

Some futurologists made a theoretical model of the interstellar or interplanetary spacecraft that uses black holes or electromagnetic, virtual black holes for operating in space. The system makes the plasma disk around the craft using high-power magnets. Then they would shoot the plasma pikes in the disk and that causes asymmetry which pushes the craft forward. The problem with those systems is the power source. 

That ion whirl also can form the Tipler-cylinder around the nuclear-powered spacecraft. This type of system could also use small-size black holes for making the plasma disk. But basically, those kinds of systems require only high-power magnetic fields. Another thing that this ion whirl can make is aim the radar signals away from the structure of the craft. The ion whirl can also form the ion-based power field around the craft, and those ions will destroy all incoming material targets. 

https://www.space.com/29141-venus-airship-havoc-nasa-concept-gallery.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetohydrodynamic_drive

Are we already found alien life?

"Small part of the Cydonia region, taken by the Viking 1 orbiter and released by NASA/JPL on July 25, 1976". (Wikipedia/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cydonia_(Mars))

Some researchers suggest that maybe we already found alien life or evidence of even intelligent lifeforms. But we judged them false too quickly. And then, if the falsification happens too fast, it's hard to change the testimony. But the fact is that the evidence of the suspected ancient Matian lifeforms is not found very often. 

And that is evidence that supports and denies the hypothesis about ancient primitive lifeforms on the red planet. The suspected bacteria fossils on a meteorite found in Antarctica look like cyanobacteria. So their origin can be on Earth. 

Somebody says that we already found evidence of intelligent life. In some theories, the "face of Mars" are created by nanomachines that can imitate things that they see. And some other people think that the famous image that is found in Wikipedia is from some underwater platform. 

Image 2) "Electron microscopy revealed chain structures resembling living organisms in meteorite fragment ALH84001" (Wikipedia/Allan Hills 84001) ALH84001 means Allan Hills 84001)

When we think about the Viking experiments in the 1970s there were some incoherences in samples that Viking landers analyzed during their operational time. That thing caused suspicion that there could be some primitive lifeforms on Mars. But then all those pieces of evidence were falsified. And after that, there has been some kind of discussions about the messages or signals captured by the SETI program. 

There was evidence that are against and supporting the theory that those BLC 1 and Wow!-signals were artificial. And the best thing that supports that theory is that those signals happened only once. The BLC 1 came from the direction of Proxima Centauri, but the origin of that signal is unknown. 

The Proxima Centauri's direction doesn't mean that signal comes from Proxima Centauri. There is also a yellow, sun-type star in another direction where the "Wow! signal could" come. The distance to that star is over 3000 ly. 

But why we are overcritical? Why is all evidence that are supporting life on other planets denied? The thing is that some people are thinking that "little green men" are a joke. We always forget that genetic engineering can make it possible that even humans can have green skin. Green skin can have chlorophyll in its cells.

And that allows the skin of the creature can create the same sugars as vegetables. So are the "little green men" some kind of joke? The thing is that genetic engineering can hybridize vegetables and humans. And that thing causes interesting thoughts in my mind. 

https://bigthink.com/hard-science/alien-life-false-positives/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Hills_84001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BLC1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cydonia_(Mars)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking_program

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wow!_signal

https://shorttextsofoldscholars.blogspot.com/

Planet nine, stealth technology, electromagnetic explosives, and laser rockets are fascinating combinations.

Planet nine could be a stealth planet. 

There is the possibility that Planet X or the mythic ninth planet is invisible. Because around that planet is a thin hydrogen layer. When weak solar radiation hits those hydrogen atoms. They will turn their electrons against solar radiation.

 So solar radiation causes a situation in that the hydrogen atoms send wave movement that turns sunlight to travel past that hypothetical planet. In that case, the planet is invisible. There is a possibility that planet X's surface temperature is the same as its environment. 

That means there is no energy exchange between that planet and its environment. That makes this object extremely hard to detect. And that means the hypothetical planet X is a stealth planet. Even if the energy that impacts its dayside rises. Planet X's temperature is a little bit higher than its environment so energy travels to nightside. 

And that means we cannot see that hypothetical planet if it exists. The reason, why Planet 9 interests researchers are that the phenomenon that makes it invisible also interests stealth researchers. 

2A

2B

2C

2D

Images from the top. 

Image 2A: TNT molecule. 

Image 2B: RDX molecule. 

Image 2C: 2D water molecules. (Left image)

Image 2C Graphene

2D materials, like fullerene and graphene, make next-generation explosives and rocket engines possible.

When we think about the graphene's molecular structure and 2D  water molecule network. That form is similar to the carbon or hydrogen ring in the TNT and RDX. So it's possible just to send electromagnetic radiation to fullerene and 2D water. 

That thing creates a situation where energy forms a standing wave in the middle of the ring. And when energy starts to reflect. That thing causes reflecting waves in the structure. So that structure makes EM explosives possible.

Fullerene and graphene are fascinating materials. Those materials can use in many systems. And one of those systems is the stealth-systems. There is the possibility that the system anchors electrons in the middle of the graphene structure. And then energy will conduct to that graphene structure. 

When energy impacts those electrons they send counter photons against incoming radiation. That could make reflection weaker or deny the radiation impact with the layer. In that model, the hydrogen atoms could anchor in the middle of the graphene layer. The electron would be outwards. And then, the proton will shoot energy impulses. That removes energy from incoming radiation. And make reflection weaker. 

Nanomaterials are key elements in electromagnetic explosives. 

But the fullerene and graphene can make electromagnetic explosives and laser rockets possible. Nanotechnology makes explosives more accurate and powerful than ever before. 

When energy impacts graphene. That structure aims in the middle of the carbon rings. Then that radiation jumps back. And it acts like a carbon ring in the RDX. But in that case, the explosion is forming when the radiation energy impacts to graphene structure. The thing that makes gunpowder, TNT, and RDX (Hexogen) explosives are the carbon rings. 

When energy travels in those carbon rings they aim energy in the middle of those rings. And when the energy level turns high enough. It suddenly breaks that ring. That releases lots of energy. When the energy pump to those rings starts, it forms a standing wave movement. When the energy pump continues. It rises the energy level in that standing wave movement. 

Also, energy pumping keeps the carbon ring or ball in form. When energy pumping ends . The pressure difference between in and outside the ring rises. And then outcoming energy destroys the structure and releases more energy stored in those chemical bonds. 

But what if you will aim the laser ray at the fullerene? Fulleren is a ball-shaped carbon moelcule. When radiation hits fullerene. It will aim for energy in the middle of it. Also energy level between those carbon atoms starts to rise. That breaks the fullerene ball, and in that case, the energy stored in the fullerene is released. So the fullerene acts like a vacuum bomb. 

When energy jumps out from the middle of the carbon ball it touches the energy strings that travel between carbon atoms. The system forms an extremely powerful energy impact. While the energy that the laser pumps to fullerene is released. 

That thing makes it possible to use fullerene as the booster in electromagnetic rocket engines. The system sprays fullerene balls in the microwave or laser ray. That electromagnetic radiation makes those fullerenes explode. That thing increases the power of electromagnetic rocket engines. 

https://scitechdaily.com/strange-new-form-of-ice-discovered-raises-many-questions-on-the-very-nature-of-liquid-water/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fullerene

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphene

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet_Nine

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDX

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TNT

https://shorttextsofoldscholars.blogspot.com/

NASA Maxwell X-57 all-electric aircraft made a thermal test for its cruise engines.

All electric aircraft are the tools that can revolutionize aviation. Electric engines can use to make aircraft silent. So the next-generation aircraft can use electric engines for lift-off from city areas and fly away from cities. Then they can start to use their jet engines. That thing can use to lower the noise that aircraft create. The "flying cars" or cheap VTOL (Vertical Take-off and Landing) aircraft can use by officials and private actors. The all-electric engine systems allow them to operate from any parking lots. 

There is also the possibility that all-electric vehicles can also act as submarines. Today those "flying submarines" are small quadcopters that can operate in airborne and underwater conditions. But it's possible to create larger, manned models of those small drones. 

If the electric-powered aircraft uses a wireless electric supply. There are no limits to the time that this system can operate. The system can create wireless power by using laser-aimed lighting. The electric-powered aircraft is not necessarily slow. Research teams in China, Russia, and the USA test the plasma-jet engines their electric arcs are making plasma. And then magnets are driving that plasma backward. The plasma-jet engines allow aircraft can travel even at hypersonic speed. And then the system can also use the remote energy supply without landing. 

The plasma-jet engines also allow the "flying submarine" can fly at high-speed. The same engine and its magnetic track can use as MHD (Magnetic Hydrodynamic Drive). And the shape of that system can be a winged cigar that can operate airborne and underwater. 

There created the idea that large-size quadcopters can use to rise jet aircraft from the ground and then fly them to the area there are no people. Then those helicopters simply drop that aircraft. And it will continue its flight by using jet engines. There are also plans for manned quadcopters that are using turning blowers. The winged quadcopter rises like all other quadcopters, and then it can turn its blowers backward. And that allows it to operate faster than regular helicopters. 

https://visionsoftheaiandfuture.blogspot.com/

New research allows transferring neurons between species.

"This is a histological image of a rat brain with a grafted human brain organoid. Credit: Jgamadze et al." (ScitechDaily.com/Scientists Transplant Human Brain Organoids Into Adult Rats – And They Respond to Visual Stimuli)

Scientists transfer human neurons to adult rats' brains. And those neurons give a response to visual stimuli. This is the first time in history that living neurons transferred to an adult's brain. And that thing allows the creation of new types of medical treatment for brain damage. The ability to transfer neurons to the neural system and make them operate also allows the transfer of the "brain" between people. 

The problem with neuron transfer is that those new neurons have no memories. Neurons need their memory blocks to make their missions perfectly. Those memory blocks are needed so that neurons can find the right track for information that travels through it. 

DNA transfer allows creating the customized organs for people. In some models, the DNA bite that controls the cell's shell antigen production will transfer to animals like pigs. That allows the creation of customized organs for people who need them. Rats and mice are excellent for making neurons. Those rodents are fast growing. And they are used in tests in multiple laboratories. 

Another version is that system duplicates the neuro's DNA using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). And then transfer that DNA to other cells. One of those cell types can be cancer cells. In that case, the system removes old DNA from those cells. And replace it with new DNA. 

The cloned cells allow for avoiding the immune defense because cloned cells are not alerting immune defense. The problem is that the system must produce lots of cells. That can replace the destruction in mechanical brain damage. 

One of the biggest problems with that kind of cell transfer is the immune defense that destroys all foreign cells. Normally, the immune defense destroys the transplanted cells if their antigens differ from the individual's cells. 

But by using genetic engineering is possible to create the perfect cells for transplant. The idea is that cells can create by cloning the individual's neurons. And by using advanced biotechnology and nanotechnology is possible to create genetically engineered mice that tissue antigens perfectly fit with the receiving human. 

The idea is that the DNA bite that controls the cell's antigen forming will transfer from the receiving human to the rat's embryo. That allows the creation of customized tissues like neurons for receivers. Transferring the DNA that controls tissue antigen formation allows the creation of animals like pigs for making customized organs for people. 

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-transplant-human-brain-organoids-into-adult-rats-and-they-respond-to-visual-stimuli/

https://artificialintelligenceandindividuals.blogspot.com/