The space colonies are always extreme projects.

When we are trying to model things like some colonies far away from civilization we must realize that those colonies are extreme projects. Extreme projects require extreme people, who want to put everything into those projects. 

Only extreme people can handle things in extreme conditions. The colonies far away from the civilizations like cities are, of course, extreme projects. But those colonies are located on Earth. And those people can sail away from those colonies if something goes wrong. 

If something goes on the moon the rescue craft will come to the base after a couple of days. And that thing is that those couple of days might feel very long. There are planned hypothetical moon cities. Even if the gravitation on the moon is very weak those colonists can use so-called sumo suits for keeping their muscles in condition. So those heavy clothes can compensate for the weak gravitation. 

But when we are thinking about things like Mars stations the conditions are even more extreme. If something happens far away from Earth. There is nobody who can come to help. Even if something very bad happens the crew must wait until the next launching window for return. And the worst things are social problems. 

Maybe those problems are not with the first crews. Those people who are living in the first Mars and moon bases are very well selected. But if some nations want to exploit especially Mars and the asteroid belt that requires larger scale infrastructure. If explorations extend to Saturn and even Neptune and Kuiper belt that requires people who want to spend almost their entire life far away from the home. 

Maybe the future looks like this. 

When the mining industry turns larger.  That requires more people. The size of the bases is increasing. And sooner or later the first people will be born in space colonies. Earth is a distant and strange place for people who sees the blue planet only on the computer screen. 

And that means the size of bases will increase. So when the need for a workforce increases that means. Selectors must decrease the requirements of those people. And if the population of Mars increases to 100 000 or even a million people. There are always people who have some problems. And there is a possibility even of rebellion. 

Why does Putin go to war so often?

The image above Russian Troops at Chechnya (Pinterest)

There have been many wars during Putin's time during the presidency of Russia. That thing means that there is something in those wars, that bring benefit to Vladimir Putin.  Putin's era remarkable conflicts are Chechnya, Georgia, Syria, and Ukraine. The Wagner group or mercenaries played a big role in those conflicts. And that means the losses are not in the official records of the Russian army. The Wagner group allows Putin can go to war without telling that thing to an official army or even FSB about his plans. 

But there is one aspect that we must realize when we are looking at wars. War is a good place to get rid of nasty people. If Putin wants to eliminate some individual people the war is a good place for that operation. If the eliminated person is a member of the Wagner group. That means nobody asks uncomfortable questions. War is the place where people are dying naturally. And mercenaries always know something that even Putin doesn't want other people to know. 

If we are thinking that Putin orders some opposition members eliminated. That means the best place for that is the war. If that person will send to prison and executed those people can agitate their guards before they die. And always the thing that interests many people is why Putin himself ordered the killing of some precise politicians or activists. 

If somebody is killed, that means the person is something or says something that means or even can harm the leader. There are not many people who can tell something that harms Vladimir Putin. The power in Russia is in the hands of Putin and his cabinet. They must not be afraid of things like investigations and trials as long as Putin remains in power. 

The use of things like Novichoke neural poison means that crimes like murders can connect straight with the members of Putin's cabinet. But those crimes are showing that there is something remarkable in the victims. Nobody kills a person who means nothing. The best way to make people interesting in something is to murder somebody. 

https://artificialintelligenceandindividuals.blogspot.com/

Maybe the advanced genetics and nanotechnology make the crew of interstellar flight immortal.

Image:Redditt

If we think carefully about the possibility that some civilization conquer the universe. Maybe in the distant future, we are that civilization.  There is a possibility that in a couple of hundreds of years in the future the first spacecraft will travel to Alpha Centauri. 

We must realize that civilization can travel hundreds or even thousands of years between the solar systems. If those creatures use giant artificial worlds called O'Neill cylinders. In those cylinders, rotational movement forms the artificial gravitation. 

The major problem of interstellar flight the enormous distances in the universe. If faster-than-light travel would not successful there is the possibility to use slow spacecraft for that kind of journey. There is the possibility that the advanced bio- and nanotechnology make the crew of that craft immortal. 

That means the nanorobots could fix the DNA of the crewmembers. When the DNA is damaged the nanorobot could make a copy of the original DNA. And then the nanomachine just replaces the old DNA by using new DNA where those damages are repaired. 

If the population of the crew is high enough that thing denies the degeneration. That hypothetical civilization could send a fleet of O'Neill cylinders. And each of those cylinders would be one population. In that model, the crew of each of the craft would degenerate. 

If those creatures would live in a zero-gravitational environment for their entire life their muscles would be so weak that they cannot be dangerous. That means the O'Neill cylinder's rotation movement stopped in that period. 

******************************************************************

There is one thing that became to my mind about "alien abductions"

Could those alien abductions made for installing the microchip or so-called record machine in the human nervous system. In that case, somebody would want to record things that person sees and senses by using those microchips. And when the person dies the stealth-craft would collect those microchips and download their information to the computers. 

This idea is from the idea that if researchers could decode the animal's EEG signals they could implant a microchip into the animal's brains. Then that microchip records everything that animal sees and feels. This could be a good way to collect data from the animal's life without disturbing their everyday actions. 

******************************************************************

But when the fleet of those crafts will come to target solar systems the population will be interconnected. And that thing allows the creation of the "super population" by using pure line hybridization. 

Another version is that our hypothetical civilization uses cloned embryos that are frozen in zero kelvin degrees. When the craft is closing its target those embryos will be grown in an artificial womb. The artificial womb is the container where cloned tissue would feed the embryo and fetus. Then the system transfers necessary data to their brains by using the electric stimulation that is driven through the cortex. 

Or maybe those travelers use powerful nanotechnology that allows them to repair their genetic material. So that the hypothetical crew will be immortal. In that model, nanomachines will repair the damaged DNA of that crew. 

Why we are making models of the hypothetical interstellar civilizations? The reason is simple. Maybe someday we are the civilization that travels in the universe. If we think that we exist when the Sun uses its final energy source and explodes as nova those people must leave this solar system. And if our descendants would travel to other solar systems they must collect all possible information about those targeted solar systems. 

There is lots of time for the first interstellar journeys. But maybe those things are possible after a couple of hundreds of years. Our society must change very much. And for those journeys is needed enormous technology and lots of work. And maybe we are the more intelligent aliens who meet primitive civilization in the Milky Way. 

Researchers control electron spin at room temperature.

In a Rashba-Dresselhaus spin transistor, the spin of electrons could be disrupted by spin-phonon coupling or non-ideal internal magnetic field distribution. Credit: Jian Shi (Phys.org/Researchers learn to control electron spin at room temperature to make devices more efficient and faster)

First time in history, the researchers control the electron's spin at room temperature. That thing makes it possible to create a new type of electric device. 

The system can turn electrons in the same position. And that makes them more effective data transporters. Electrons that are at the same position can form the powerful cathode ray. That thing can use in the new X-ray systems. That ability to turn all electrons to the same position makes particle accelerators more effective than ever before. 

Also, things like room-temperature quantum computers are possible. The ability to control the spin of electrons at room temperature opens new visions for quantum technology. This system makes it possible to store qubits in portable devices. Those devices would not need so powerful cooling systems. And the ability to carry data in the form of qubit means better data security. 

To break the quantum security. The attacker must know the energy level or the state of the qubit where each part of data is stored. So the system that opens the data must know the map or notes where it can find that data? And even if the attacker knows those things. The qubit is lost if its data is downloaded to the attacking system. 

Or even if the room-temperature quantum superposition is not possible. The ability to control the electron's spin makes it possible to create faster electronic components. 

**********************************************************************

Multiple layers of superpositioned and entangled particles can protect the most in particle pair of the quantum computer system. 

In a quantum computer could be multiple layers of superpositioned and entangled particles. Those superpositions and entanglements act like the coaxial cable that protects the most in particle pairs. 

And only particle pair that has a purpose as a data transporter is the most in photon pair. Those photons are superpositioned and entangled. 

Other particle pairs' mission is just to protect those two superpositioned and entangled photon pairs. This kind of system can work like this: 

-The most out is the proton pair

-In the middle is the electron pair

-And the most in particle pair is the photonic superposition and entanglement. 

That photonic pair transports information in that system. And the other layers are protecting that particle pair. 

Also, photonic superposition and entanglement can transfer data to electron qubits. The idea is that if the quantum field around the electron looks like a whisk that photon pair can paint the data to each superstring of that qubit. That helps to transform qubits into the binary form of data. 

*********************************************************************

The ability to control an electron's spin can open the gate between binary and quantum computers. The electron can "paint" information to the qubit. And also electron that spin is fully controlled can download data from qubit to binary form more effectively than ever before. 

Those kinds of things are the details that are required for the "quantum PC" or quantum mobile devices. The portable quantum computers must not need a cooling system if they can make qubits and superpositions at room temperature. And the ability to control the spin of an electron is the thing that makes those things possible. 

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-electron-room-temperature-devices-efficient.html

https://miraclesofthequantumworld.blogspot.com/

Nanolasers are fascinating tools.

The image above: nanolaser can destroy individual cells from the human body. 

Nano-scale lasers are impressive tools. They can use to deliver communication signals to other nanomachines that are operating in EMP-protected areas where electromagnetic fields can terminate all processes. The idea is that the radiowaves are targeted to microchips that are equipped with nanolasers. That system transforms the radio-wave-based data into the photonic form. 

And that denies the effect of the electromagnetic field. This reaction chamber can be inside the liquid. That allows those nanomachines can swim freely. 

Those nanolasers can deliver electricity to nanomachines that use tiny photovoltaic cells. So, in the reaction chamber can be two kinds of nanomachines. The nanolaser group that transforms radiowaves into laser rays operates outside the Faraday cage. And the nanomachine group that uses only nanolasers operates inside that cage. That means those systems are not forming the electromagnetic fields in the protected area. 

The system can communicate through the network of the Faraday cage with nanomachines that operate in the protected area. The nanolaser allows the system can control individual nanomachines. And that gives the ultimate accuracy for that swarm.

The nanomachines that travel inside the human body can destroy non-wanted cells and thrombosis by using laser rays. 

The nanolaser could be installed in nano-size submarines. Those nanomachines could be the next-generation tools for the medical industry. 

The accuracy of those nanolasers is excellent. And that makes them possible to destroy individual cells from the human body. When we are thinking possibility to create tiny smaller than 1mm. size nanorobots that are swimming in the human blood vessels, those systems can destroy single cancer cells. 

That thing happens by targeting laser rays to those cells. Those extremely small robots can also remove thrombosis from the blood vessels. And they can even destroy viruses. That kind of system can replace at least part of antibiotics in the future. Nano-size laser systems can also remove plaque from the Alzheimer-patient's brains. 

Nanomachines would send to the blood vessels by using injection. The X-ray or radar systems can follow their position. The idea is that those nanomachines are equipped with RFID sensors. That sensor makes it possible to transport them to the precise right place. 

And they can communicate. And even send video images to the controller. Nanomachines can be more accurate than any human in the world. They can operate between neurons. Because the laser ray destroys targeted cells or plaque. The nanomachine would not be poisonous. Those systems can operate inside the body without large cuts on the skin.  

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday_cage

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanolaser

Image: https://scitechdaily.com/87-survival-new-combined-therapy-greatly-improves-prostate-cancer-survival/

https://interestandinnovation.blogspot.com/

For the first time, Scientists chanced the bonds of a single molecule.

Single-atom tractor beams power chemical catalysis. Credit: Research Team, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge (Phys.org/Single-atom tractor beams power chemical catalysis)

The new ability to change chemical bonds in a single molecule can be a revolutionary advance in nanotechnology. That makes it possible to connect new parts to nanomachines and makes it possible to creates new and more complicated molecules. And nanomachines are complicated molecules.

The IBM researchers used a scanning probe microscope for that operation, as you can see from above. There is the possibility to use also nanolasers for similar purposes. When the system creates nanomachines, nanolasers can adjust the temperature of the single atoms. 

The temperature determines the reaction force of the atoms and molecules. The scanning probe microscope will observe the position of the molecules. And also it can use the subatomic tractor beams for making precise right structures. 

Nanotechnology can use to create new and small-size electronic components like microchips that are controlling robots that are smaller than a flea. Those robots can get their control signals and electricity through the air by radio waves. 

But they can also have small-photovoltaic cells. And the laser systems can deliver electricity for those systems. In the most advanced models, the living electric cells can deliver electricity to those systems. And that means those robot fleas can be very independent. The biological power source requires only sugars. That means the robot flea can drink the same things as humans. 

The subatomic tractor beams, along with nanolasers. And scanning probe microscopes can turn the molecules in the wanted directions. That makes it possible to create complicated and well-adjusted molecular-size structures. Nanomachines can make many things like clean water and remove tumors from places where surgeons cannot reach them. The accuracy of nanomachines is very high. But the problem is how to control them? 

Nanotechnology is a key element in next-generation genetic engineering. The nanorobots will cut the DNA just from the wanted points.  And then those machines can make synthetic DNA. That allows for interconnecting DNA between species that are far from each other. This thing makes it possible that maybe in the world of tomorrow is not things like cancer. But there is needed lots of work with that thing. 

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-chemists-bonds-atoms-molecule.html

https://phys.org/news/2022-07-life-like-lasers-self-organize-cooperate.html

https://phys.org/news/2022-06-single-atom-tractor-power-chemical-catalysis.html

Image 1: https://phys.org/news/2022-06-single-atom-tractor-power-chemical-catalysis.html

https://interestandinnovation.blogspot.com/

Researchers at Kyoto University are starting to test artificial gravitation.

Above: An artist's view of the internal structure of the O'Neill cylinder.

Artificial gravitation is a key element in long-term space travel. The simplest way is to make a cylinder-shaped space station that rotates around its central axle. That thing forms a centripetal force that pulls objects to that structure's core. 

Physicist Gerard K. O'Neill introduced an idea for that kind of that rotating space station was introduced by in the year 1976. And that's why the name of that kind of system is the "O'Neill cylinder". 

The problem with that kind of cylinder is that its rotation speed must be quite fast that it can create the artificial gravitation that is so strong as the gravitation on Earth. So the centripetal force will rip that structure into pieces. And then another argument has been that rotation causes nausea. But the fact is that the gravitation must not be so powerful as it's on Earth. 

The idea is that gravitation anchors vegetables and furniture to the floor of the craft.  And the second thing is that crew can control nausea by using the nausea patch. But the structure of the O'Neill cylinder can be very strong. 

The cylinder can cover by using a steel layer. Then powerful magnets can pull the steel layer inside. That magnetic system can compensate for the effect of centripetal force. By using magnetic assistants, the system can create gravitation. That level is similar to Earth's gravitation. 

https://www.designboom.com/technology/the-glass-artificial-gravity-facility-kyoto-university-07-11-2022/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%27Neill_cylinder

There are introduced theories, that in the future be the space race. That space race lives entirely their lives in spacecraft and never lands on any planet. 

Maybe in the future is the space race whoever lands on any planet. And that race could live on the zero-gravitation conditions their entire life. That means those people will spend their entire life in space without the ability to land on planets. If those spacemen land on Earth. The gravitation field will crush their bodies immediately. 

The manned interplanetary and later interstellar systems require artificial gravitation if the crew wants to land on some other planets. There is created an idea that the futuristic astronauts who will go on interstellar journeys would live their entire life in zero gravitation conditions. 

That means their muscles and bones will be extremely weak. But those astronauts could control remotely controlled robots on the planet's surface. Those astronauts would never land on any planet themselves. 

When we think about the colonization of the solar system and universe we can think that it goes a similar way to the colonization of Pacific islands. The first humans will colonize the closest planets and moons. But then the journeys will go farther in the solar system. 

And then colonization of Neptune and the Kuiper Belt causes the journey to there and return takes 10-20 years. During those journeys, astronauts will adapt to the weak gravitation. And then some of those people will never return to the surface of any planet. 

Maybe evolution will go that way when we are creating our first interplanetary spacecraft and first laboratories on other planets. Sooner or later, there will be people who will not want to return to Earth. And then the first space-babies are born. 

Those babies think that the base on some icy moon or space station is their home. They ever miss Earth. That is the birth of the space population that will travel more and further away. 

When we are thinking about the real hypothetical space exploration to another solar system and icy moons of Jupiter and Saturn, there is the possibility that astronauts bring some hostile organism like bacteria from the lakes of those planets or moons. That's why the operations on the surface of the planets or icy moons should make be using robots.