Thorium 232, the next-generation nuclear fuel. For civil and military purposes.

Could Thorium-232 be the next generation nuclear fuel that replaces uranium? The difference between uranium and thorium reactors is that the thorium reactor requires the energy booster that it can maintain the nuclear reaction. In the case of the accident, the requirement for stopping the reaction is that crew will cut off that accelerator. And the reaction would stop immediately.

Thorium-232 allows creating the next-generation nuclear reactors that are not creating radioactive waste. The price of thorium is lower than uranium. And the only difference between thorium- and uranium reactors is that thorium reactor requires a heating system.

Or accelerator for making the energy for thorium fusion. The thing is that the thorium would make it possible to create more effective nuclear reactors. And its use in ships and especially in submarines and aircraft is an interesting opportunity.

Also, thorium reactors can be used in fission rockets. Starting the reactor requires an accelerator that can take its energy from the regular electric power plant. So the accelerator would not be a problem. When the use of thorium as the nuclear fuel is mentioned.

The use of thorium removes the thing that is giving breaks for full-scale benefiting the nuclear systems. That thing is the highly radioactive pollution. The question is why thorium is not used before?

The thing is that thorium can be used in nuclear weapons that are not leaving a radioactive mark. In that case, high-energetic electromagnetic radiation like laser rays and quantum annealing systems are used to release an extremely high number of neutrons and energy to thorium.

The depleted uranium of special ammunition can replace by using thorium. The radioactivity of that ammunition is problematic. In that type of ammunition, the thorium round travels inside the laser ray. And that thing can create nuclear fission when that ammunition hits to target.

And that kind of system can use in the triggers of thermonuclear weapons. The nuclear weapon that is using thorium as the primary stage requires an extremely high-power energy load to the thorium fuel. The thing is that this type of clean and powerful system is interesting to both, civil and military authorities.

Comments

Use virtual "perpetual motion machines" and seawater as energy sources.

Use virtual "perpetual motion machines" and seawater as energy sources. The Archimedean screw can offer almost endless energy sources. "Robert Fludd's 1618 "water screw" perpetual motion machine from a 1660 wood engraving. It is widely credited as the first attempt to describe such a device." (Wikipedia/Perpetual motion) The term "virtual perpetual motion machine" means a machine. That pulls water to the upper tank using a capillary tube. Then that water will fall through the generator or turbine wheel. The machine uses differences in pressure levels. But it looks like a "perpetual motion machine", that is impossible because of laws of thermodynamics. The machine uses differences in pressure levels. But it looks like a " real perpetual motion machine", which is impossible because of the laws of thermodynamics. The real perpetual motion machines don't use outside energy. And that's why they are not possible....

Will humans survive the sun's red giant stage?

"As the Sun matures into a Red Giant, the oceans will boil and Earth will become uninhabitable." (The Conversation, The sun won’t die for 5 billion years, so why do humans have only 1 billion years left on Earth?) Sooner or later, all stars use their hydrogen. And then they turn into red giants. Sun is a yellow G spectral class star that turns into a white dwarf. But before that, the sun will turn larger. The sun turns red and that means. It starts to send more infrared radiation. This thing will turn Earth into a hellish temperature that vaporizes water from Earth. It's possible. That Earth will also vaporize with Venus and Mercury. Some scientists say that we have only 1 billion years to move farther in the solar system. The habitable zone will go to the distance of Jupiter and Saturn, and maybe humans find a safe place in those distant moons. It's possible that before Sun will grow too large humans make large groups of mirror satellites or large shields that sho...

Metamaterials can change their properties in an electric- or electro-optical field.

"Researchers have created a novel metamaterial that can dynamically tune its shape and properties in real-time, offering unprecedented adaptability for applications in robotics and smart materials. This development bridges the gap between current materials and the adaptability seen in nature, paving the way for the future of adaptive technologies. Credit: UNIST" (ScitechDaily, Metamaterial Magic: Scientists Develop New Material That Can Dynamically Tune Its Shape and Mechanical Properties in Real-Time) Metamaterials can change their properties in an electric- or electro-optical field. An electro-optical activator can also be an IR state, which means. The metamorphosis in the material can thermally activate. AI is the ultimate tool for metamaterial research. Metamaterials are nanotechnical- or quantum technical tools that can change their properties, like reflection or state from solid to liquid when the electric or optical effect hits that material. The metamaterial can cru...

About futurism and things like interstellar traveling

Search This Blog